Open Access

Homeowner Willingness to Pay for a Pre-flood Agreement for a Post-flood Buyout

Amy W. Ando and Collin Reeser

Article Figures & Data

  • Table 1

    Variable Definitions

    VariableDefinition
    Estimated riskWhat do you think the probability is your home will be hit by a flood in the next 30 years? (0-100)
    Neighbors move %Estimate of % of neighbors that would take a buyout (0-100)
    InhabitantsNumber of people living in household
    Years in townHow many years have you lived in your town?
    Family in townHas family in town
    Neighbor talk dailyI communicate with my neighbors daily
    Environmental concernAgree buyouts are good for the environment
    OceanHome in V-zone: subject to wave action
    Ever claimHas made a flood insurance claim on your home
    Ever claim >$25kHas made a claim for more than $25,000
    Home value $100-$250kHome value is $100,000-$250,000
    Home value $250k+Home value is $250,000 and higher
    Has insuranceHome is currently covered by flood insurance
    Premium ($)Annual flood insurance premium
    Premium savings ($)Amount per year would save on premium if take coupled buyout
    Home raisedHas your home ever been elevated?
    Income $70k-$149kIncome $70,000-$149,000
    Income $150k+Income above $150,000
    Age 35-54Age 35-54
    Age 55+Age 55 and older
    College degreeBachelor’s degree completed
    Advanced degreeAdvanced degree completed
    WhiteWhite
    BlackBlack
  • Table 2

    Summary Statistics

    VariableNMeanSDMin.Max.
    Estimated risk44747.428.60100
    Neighbors move %44758.625.30100
    Years in town44720.014.3172
    Family in town4470.430.5001
    Neighbor talk daily4470.250.4301
    Environmental concern4470.260.4401
    Home raised4470.190.3901
    Ocean4470.100.3001
    Has insurance4470.470.5001
    Premium/yr ($100)4476.0012.50120
    Ever claim4470.270.4401
    Ever claim >$25k4470.100.3001
    Home value $100k-$250k4470.520.5001
    Home value $250k+4470.300.4601
    Income $70k-$149k4470.430.5001
    Income $150k+4470.070.2601
    Inhabitants4472.731.4008
    Age 35-544470.310.4601
    Age 55+4470.390.4901
    College degree4470.350.4801
    Advanced degree4470.230.4201
    White4470.780.4201
    Black4470.110.3101
  • Table 3

    Interval Regression Results for Willingness to Pay

    Linear (N=447)Ln (N=443)
    CoefficientSECoefficientSE
    Estimated risk6.665***1.7140.014***0.003
    Neighbors move %4.542***1.8120.005*0.003
    Years in town4.4393.1380.0070.005
    Family in town30.8090.260.1370.144
    Neighbor talk daily46.8299.700.0500.160
    Environmental concern104.493.610.343**0.149
    Home raised133.2111.80.303*0.179
    Ocean−51.01142.4−0.2340.228
    Has insurance−116.6100.2−0.2020.160
    Premium/yr ($)8.895**3.9850.0020.006
    Ever claim−261.0**121.8−0.2290.193
    Ever claim >$25k618.0***169.80.600**0.269
    Home value $100-$250k59.38114.70.346*0.184
    Home value $250k+19.57132.70.2820.214
    Income $70k-$149k235.6**97.100.621***0.154
    Income $150k+676.2***182.71.13***0.289
    Inhabitants40.3634.360.099*0.054
    Age 35-54−110.0108.5−0.412**0.173
    Age 55+−39.14118.0−0.0840.188
    College degree218.2**96.590.354**0.152
    Advanced degree155.7119.00.348*0.191
    White111.4134.50.1480.213
    Black−113.8179.8−0.0810.288
    Regional fixed effectsYesYes
    In(σ)6.718***0.0360.262***0.038
    Σ827.529.811.3000.049
    Log-likelihood−1,426.0028−961.40562
    • Note: σ is calculated from the estimated ln(σ).

    • ***, **, * Significance at the 1%, 5%, and 10% levels, respectively.

  • Table 4

    Stated Willingness to Accept Buyout Coupled with Flood Insurance

    Willingness To Accept Buyout Coupled with Flood Insurance
    YesNoTotal
    CurrentlyYes17535210
        has floodNo135102237
        insuranceTotal310137447
  • Table 5

    Logit Regression Results

    All Observations (N=447)Respondents with Insurance (N=210)
    VariableCoefficientSECoefficientSE
    Estimated risk0.022***0.0060.018**0.010
    Neighbors move %0.0050.0060.0120.010
    Years in town0.025**0.010−0.0010.010
    Family in town−0.609**0.292−0.1250.445
    Neighbor talk daily−0.2740.315−0.6960.431
    Environmental concern0.973***0.3111.70***0.578
    Home raised0.5360.4070.8360.824
    Ocean−0.0010.4701.010.657
    Has insurance0.7440.657
    Premium savings−0.0950.064−0.020*0.011
    Has insurance * premium savings0.0710.065
    Ever claim0.732*0.4321.28***0.485
    Ever claim >$25k0.2450.6930.1811.07
    Home value $100-$250k0.3960.4270.1040.755
    Home value $250k+−0.0070.559−0.4450.778
    Income $70k-$149k0.741**0.3080.5370.393
    Income $150k+1.22**0.6301.55*0.874
    Inhabitants0.264**0.1130.0890.144
    Age 35-54−0.5100.3600.0120.317
    Age 55+0.4100.3601.53*0.808
    College degree−0.1540.3030.3200.433
    Advanced degree−0.0800.358−0.2390.406
    White0.1390.410−0.4220.487
    Black3.42***1.131.37***0.441
    ConstantRegional fixed effects−1.141.65
    Clustered SEsNoYes
    Log-likelihood−172.09509−72.658392
    • Note: The dependent variable is a dummy variable equal to one if the respondent states they would accept the buyout program coupled with flood insurance and zero otherwise.

    • ***, **, * Significance at the 1%, 5%, and 10% levels, respectively.