Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1
Vignette Ratings by Stated Support for Different Energy Sources (n=2,358)
Tables
Attribute Levels Location On your property* On the other side of your county On your neighbors’ property Neighbor compensation Not receive any compensation* Also receive some compensation Receive equal compensation amounts as the landowner hosting the turbines Ownership structure A private utility company* Your municipality A local cooperative Inclusion Only the landowners with turbines* All county residents Only the neighbors who are directly affected Influence Express concern about the project* Express concern and potentially sway Have direct say (e.g., through voting, public meetings) Access to information Will be confidential* Will be made available to some affected Will be publicly available ↵* represents status quo in the province.
Farm Manager Characteristics Gender (1=male, 0=female) 400 0.90 (0.30) 0 1 Age in years (1=18-24; 2=25-34; 3=35-44; 4=45-54; 5=55-64; 6=65-74; 7=≥75) 397 4.84 (1.20) 2 7 Primary decision maker for this farm (1=yes; 2=no) 401 1.03 (0.17) 1 2 Political affiliation Conservative 281 0.70 (0.46) 0 1 Liberal 12 0.03 (0.17) 0 1 New Democratic Party 17 0.04 (0.20) 0 1 Green 4 0.01 (0.01) 0 1 Other 35 0.03 (0.18) 0 1 Prefer not to say 56 0.13 (0.34) 0 1 Do not know 22 0.06 (0.23) 0 1 Farm Structure Type of Farm (n) Crops (206), livestock (47), mixed (146) Size (acres) 401 2,982.53 (4,063.85) 13 30,500 % household income from farming (1=0; 2=1-25; 3=26-50; 4=51-75; 5=76-100) 401 4.46 (0.89) 1 5 Energy Perception Likelihood of installation of renewables (4-point scale: 1=very likely; 4=very unlikely) 342 2.76 (0.90) 1 4 Importance of Alberta’s energy sector (5-point scale: 1=not at all important; 5=extremely important) 401 4.09 (0.81) 1 5 Knowledge about wind energy (4-point scale: 1=nothing at all; 4=quite a bit) 401 2.52 (0.81) 1 4 Climate Change Concerns (5-point scale: 1=strongly disagree; 5=strongly agree) I am very concerned about climate change 401 2.89 (1.22) 1 5 We still do not know for sure whether climate change is real or caused by humans 401 3.55 (1.18) 1 5 Climate change will not be an issue here in Alberta 401 2.73 (1.11) 1 5 Alberta adopting renewable energy will help reduce climate change impacts 401 2.52 (1.26) 1 5 Energy Source n Mean SD Min. Max. Natural gas 401 4.51 0.60 2 5 Oil from oil sands 400 4.43 0.71 1 5 Oil (other than oil sands) 399 4.27 0.73 1 5 Hydroelectricity 396 4.07 0.91 1 5 Bioenergy 389 3.98 0.79 1 5 Solar 401 3.94 0.97 1 5 Geothermal 383 3.92 0.86 1 5 Coal 394 3.62 1.13 1 5 Wind 397 3.44 1.21 1 5 Nuclear 383 3.05 1.27 1 5 Note: The mean is a 5-point Likert scale with 1=strongly oppose and 5=strongly support.
- Table 4
Results of Random Effects Regression Models for the Vignette Attributes and Controls for Sociodemographic, Belief, and Knowledge Variables
Attribute Attribute Level Model 1 p-value Model 2 p-value Location (ref. your property) On your neighbors’ property 0.152* 0.052 0.157 0.232 On the other side of your county 0.382*** 0.000 0.409*** 0.003 Neighbor compensation (ref. no compensation) Receive equal compensation amounts as 0.548*** 0.000 0.569*** 0.001 the landowner hosting the turbines Receive some compensation 0.907*** 0.000 0.967*** 0.000 Ownership structure (ref. private utility company) Your municipality 0.282*** 0.000 0.297** 0.016 A local cooperative 0.418*** 0.000 0.453*** 0.000 Inclusion (ref. landowners with turbines only) Only neighbors who are directly affected 0.723*** 0.000 0.730*** 0.000 All county residents 0.584*** 0.000 0.602*** 0.000 Influence (ref. express concerns only) Express concern and potentially sway −0.257*** 0.001 −0.297** 0.016 Have direct say −0.083 0.285 −0.102 0.366 Access to information (ref. confidential) Will be made available to some affected 0.323*** 0.000 0.371*** 0.003 Will be publicly available 0.303*** 0.000 0.331*** 0.006 Climate concern (environmental attitude) 0.659*** 0.006 Community excitement about new wind farms (norm) 1.878*** 0.000 Experience with wind farms (history) −0.075 0.338 Age (young) 0.734 0.225 Knowledge about wind energy 0.395*** 0.000 Small land holding (farm size) 0.541** 0.032 Conservative political views 0.574** 0.023 Constant 4.377*** 0.000 2.730*** 0.000 Number of vignettes 2,406 2,226 Number of respondents 401 371 Log-likelihood −10,841.88 −5,237.74 SD random effect 2.621 1.933 SD error 2.028 2.212 Intraclass correlation 0.625 0.605
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