RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Self-Protection and Value of Statistical Life Estimation JF Land Economics JO Land Econ FD University of Wisconsin Press SP 100 OP 113 DO 10.3368/le.81.1.100 VO 81 IS 1 A1 Shogren, Jason F. A1 Stamland, Tommy YR 2005 UL http://le.uwpress.org/content/81/1/100.abstract AB Self-protection has been used to help define lower bounds on the value of statistical life (VSL). We show circumstances exist in which (1) the lower bounds are so low as to be more misleading than informative; and (2) the bound is an upper bound on the population’s average VSL. The relationship between the bound and VSL depends on the degree and nature of individual heterogeneity, the fraction of the population buying self-protection, and the price and market setting for self-protection. Although some factors are observable, their impact is difficult to assess because they interact with unobservable population characteristics. (JEL I18)