RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Potential Cost-Effectiveness of Incentive Payment Programs for the Protection of Non-Industrial Private Forests JF Land Economics JO Land Econ FD University of Wisconsin Press SP 539 OP 560 DO 10.3368/le.83.4.539 VO 83 IS 4 A1 Siikamäki, Juha A1 Layton, David F. YR 2007 UL http://le.uwpress.org/content/83/4/539.abstract AB This study assesses the potential cost-effectiveness of incentive payment programs relative to traditional, top-down regulatory programs for biological conservation. We develop site-level estimates of the opportunity cost and non-monetized biological benefits of protecting biodiversity hotspots in Finnish non-industrial private forests. We then use these estimates to contrast and compare the cost-effectiveness of alternative conservation programs. Our results suggest that incentive payment programs, which tacitly capitalize on landowners’ private knowledge about the opportunity costs of conservation, may be considerably more cost-effective than traditional, top-down regulatory programs. (JEL Q23)