<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><xml><records><record><source-app name="HighWire" version="7.x">Drupal-HighWire</source-app><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Price, James I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renzetti, Steven</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dupont, Diane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adamowicz, Wiktor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emelko, Monica B.</style></author></authors><secondary-authors></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Production Costs, Inefficiency, and Source Water Quality: A Stochastic Cost Frontier Analysis of Canadian Water Utilities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Land Economics</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017-02-01 00:00:00</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-11</style></pages><doi><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.3368/le.93.1.1</style></doi><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">93</style></volume><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><abstract><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This analysis employs a stochastic cost frontier to estimate relationships between source water quality, production costs, and cost efficiency in Canadian municipal water treatment facilities. Data for the analysis are obtained primarily from a census of water providers that contains detailed information on operational costs, source water quality, and treatment technologies. Results show water quality, as measured by turbidity, is a significant determinant of production costs. The estimated elasticity for turbidity is 0.1, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.06 to 0.14. We find no significant differences in cost efficiency across regions, treatment technologies, output, or turbidity levels. (JEL D24, Q53)</style></abstract></record></records></xml>