RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Additionality in Payment for Ecosystem Services Programs: Agricultural Conservation Subsidies in Maryland
JF Land Economics
JO Land Econ
FD University of Wisconsin Press
SP 305
OP 320
DO 10.3368/le.97.2.305
VO 97
IS 2
A1 Lichtenberg, Erik
YR 2021
UL http://le.uwpress.org/content/97/2/305.abstract
AB Some payment for ecosystem services (PES) programs peg subsidy levels to the complexity of conservation projects. We investigate the additionality of conservation subsidies on project complexity using data from Maryland, which has used PES programs aggressively to reduce agricultural nutrient emissions into the Chesapeake Bay. A reduced-form linear model indicates modest overall average additionality. A structural approach using counterfactuals constructed from count data models yields the same overall average but finds that additionality varies with the number of practices subsidized. These results suggest that projections of agriculture’s potential to lower costs of meeting water quality goals may be overly optimistic.