PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Yongjie Ji
AU  - David A. Keiser
AU  - Catherine L. Kling
AU  - Daniel J. Phaneuf
TI  - Revenue and Distributional Consequences of Alternative Outdoor Recreation Pricing Mechanisms: Evidence from a Micropanel Data Set
AID  - 10.3368/le.98.3.090721-0107
DP  - 2022 Aug 01
TA  - Land Economics
PG  - 478--494
VI  - 98
IP  - 3
4099  - http://le.uwpress.org/content/98/3/478.short
4100  - http://le.uwpress.org/content/98/3/478.full
SO  - Land Econ2022 Aug 01; 98
AB  - This article uses a system of Poisson demand equations to examine the revenue potential associated with uniform, site-differentiated, and income-differentiated recreational access fees for more than 130 lakes in the state of Iowa. We also consider optimal fees in the spirit of Ramsey (1927) and demonstrate how the new insights from Banzhaf and Smith (2022) can empirically inform discussions of user fees. We find that user fees could be used to raise revenue for the maintenance of recreation infrastructure, but that they are generally regressive. Fees differentiated by income groups can attenuate (but not eliminate) this regressivity.