Table 4

Bay Checkerspot Butterfly: Main Regression Results; Dependent Variable: Log(Price per acre), San Mateo and Santa Clara Counties

 OLS2SLS
(1)(2)(3)(4)
Lot size (acres)–0.0316***
(0.00986)
–0.0313***
(0.00977)
–0.0242***
(0.00784)
–0.0239***
(0.00779)
Wetland–0.7638***
(0.13608)
–0.8662***
(0.13350)
Floodplain–0.2386*
(0.13268)
–0.2212*
(0.13350)
Slope–0.5234***
(0.06568)
–0.5087***
(0.06709)
Farmland: prime–0.8187***
(0.26202)
–0.8143***
(0.26482)
Farmland: state importance–1.0588**
(0.49380)
–1.0696**
(0.49394)
Farmland: unique–0.6567
(0.46052)
–0.6879
(0.45992)
Urban growth boundary  1.1476***
(0.11699)
  1.1098***
(0.11692)
RLF2001–0.0143
(0.39109)
  0.0145
(0.38803)
PostRLF,2001 × RLF2001–0.1037
(0.26448)
–0.1768
(0.26519)
BCB2001  0.0055
(0.51626)
  0.5575
(0.47899)
  3.8642**
(1.72503)
PostBCB,2001 × BCB2001–1.5622**
(0.62243)
–1.5335**
(0.59820)
–6.2448***
(2.24488)
N3,4333,4333,4333,433
Census tract fixed effectsYesYesYesYes
Month-of-sample fixed effectsYesYesYesYes
Serpentine IVNoNoNoYes
N census tracts249249249249
N months240240240240
  • Note: This table displays the ordinary least squares (OLS) and instrumental variable (IV) two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimates for the effect of critical habitat designation on land values in San Mateo and Santa Clara Counties (protecting the Bay checkerspot butterfly). The month-of-sample fixed effects absorb the double-difference’s standard Post indicator. We cluster errors by county, quarter, and year.

  • * Significant at 10%;

  • ** significant at 5%;

  • *** significant at 1%.