Country-Level Characteristics
| Indicator | Poland | Slovakia | Ukraine |
|---|---|---|---|
| Share of agricultural employment, 1989 | 26.4 | 12.2 | 19.5 |
| GNP/capita, US$ 1989 | 5,150 | 7,600 | 5,680 |
| Labor/land | 0.258 | 0.139 | 0.118 |
| Years of central planninga | 41 | 42 | 74 |
| Share of individual land use, 1990 | 77 | 5 | 7 |
| Share of individual land use, 1997 | 82 | 11 | 17 |
| GDP growth, 1992–1997 | 5.79 | 4.14 | -12.74 |
| Agricultural production growth, 1992–1997 | 1.44 | 0.54 | -6.01 |
| % change agricultural employment 1989–2000 | -25.7 | -45.1 | 22.5 |
Source: Lerman 2000 and World Bank 2011.
↵a Western Ukraine, which contains our study region, joined the Soviet Union only after 1945 and thus has a similar number of years of central planning as Poland and Slovakia, running from 1945 to 1991, rather than 1945 to 1989, as in Poland and Slovakia.